¨ Bar Charts 
To create a bar chart from the data (medical expenses worksheet) and headings (here columns A1:B12) and click on the Chart Wizard icon on the toolbar. 
· Select bar chart from the chart type list, and click the next button. 

· The data range should automatically appear if you selected it, and click next (if it does not appear then manually enter A1:B13).

· Titles can be left at the default which is the column heading (cell B1), and click next. 

· Chart location can be left as object in current worksheet and hit finish. 

· Here is the chart that you will get is shown in the following figure

The resulting bar chart is basically okay but definitely needs all category names to appear on the y-axis and would look prettier with vertical lines every 50 rather than 100 units, a better chart title and the legend entry dropped. 
· Select the y-axis (category axis) by clicking on the y-axis, double-click or right click to get Format Axis, and then choose Scale and change Number of Categories between tick mark labels from 2 to 1.

 
(Figure 4.45)

· Select the x-axis (value axis) by clicking on the x-axis, double-click or right click to get Format Axis, and then choose Scale and change Major Unit from 100 to 50. 

· Select the Chart Title by clicking on Expenditures at the top of the chart, double-click or right click to get Format Chart Title, and then change the Font from Arial Regular 10 to Arial Bold 12. 

· Select the Chart Title and change the name to Health Expenditures (in $billion). 
· Select the Legend Entry by clicking on Expenditures at the right and press the delete key. The following figure showing the final result.
To create a pie chart from the same data. Highlight the data and headings (here columns A1:B13) and click on the Chart Wizard icon on the toolbar. 
· Select pie chart, and change from the default to Exploded pie, and click next. 

· The data range should automatically appear if you selected it, and click next (if it does not appear then manually enter A1:B12). 

· Titles can be left at the default which is the column heading (cell B1), and click next.

· Chart location can be left as object in current worksheet and click finish.

The resulting pie chart is basically okay but would look prettier with the legend entry dropped. Also it might be helpful to include the percentage breakdown, which is presented first. 
· Select the chart area by clicking on the edge of the chart, double-click or right click to get Format Data Series, select Data Lables and choose Percent. ( Figure 4.50) 
· For the smallest categories the percentages are too crowded, so change the font of the Series Data labels. Select the percentage figure by clicking on a percentage figure and then double-click or right click to get Format Data Labels, select font and change font size to 8. This still leaves the lowest two or three percentages to crowded, so individually drop these by selecting each and deleting. 

Here is the modified chart

¨ Line Charts 
The line chart is not really helpful for these data. The line chart is best used for numerical data that are observed over time. 
To create a line chart from the same data highlight the data and headings and click on the Chart Wizard icon on the toolbar. 
· Select line chart, and change from the default to Line with Markers at Each Displayed Item, and hit next. 

· The data range should automatically appear if you selected it, and hit next (if it does not appear then manually enter A1:B12). 
· Chage the chart title to Health Expenditure ( $ billion), and click next.
· Chart location can be left as object in current worksheet and click finish. 

The resulting column chart is basically okay but definitely needs all the x-axis labels to appear. 
· Select the x-axis (value axis) by clicking on the x-axis, double-click or right click to get Format Axis, and then choose Scale and change Number of Categories from 2 to 1.

· Select the Chart Title by clicking on Expenditures at the top of the chart, double-click or right click to get Format Chart Title, and then change the Font from Arial Regular 10 to Arial Bold 12. Here is the resulted chart.